Business prospects of Jernang cultivation in Riau Indonesia

jernang Cutting down Jernang into shortcuts earns a big profit. Jernang grew vines up to a height of 25 meters. To get fruit in the bud, it is not easy. Therefore, ' Jernang is endangered, ' said Drs Yana Sumarna MSi, researcher at the Center for Forest Research and nature conservation, Bogor, West Java. Currently, the supply of rubber jernang is dragging. According to the program coordinator of Yayasan Gita Buana, Ir Lambok Panjaitan, to get 1 – 2 kg of rubber takes 2 weeks. Compared to 10 – 15 years ago, Jernang seekers only need 1 week in the woods to obtain 7 – 10 kg of dry sap. In addition, the rate of deforestation and control of forest also threatens the existence of the Salak relatives. Forestry Department Data on 2008 shows, deforestation reaches 117-million ha per year. On the other hand, the request for the export of Jernang is very high. ' Dried sap extracts are exported to herbal raw materials, ' said the executive director of Yayasan Gita Buana, a non-governmental organization for environmental Conservation in Jambi, Abdul Hadison. The best way out is cultivating the availability and continuity of the supply.

Planting

Sepintun and Lambansigatal Village community, Pauh Sub-district, Sarolangun Regency, Jambi, began to spice up the Jernang in 2006. Sarolangun regent, H Hasan Basri Agus, inaugurated the planting of 3,200 seedlings. The population is only 300 – 400 plants per ha. The initial planting of 10 hectares. Alas, because the quality of the seeds is not uniform – some old, other young – causes only half to grow. However, the planting by Hasan became a snowball that kept rolling. In a matter of months, more than 100 family heads in Lambansigatal grew up the Jernang in their respective yards. ' Currently the total area is more than 50 ha, ' says Hadison. If there is no transverse, Hadison predicts the end of 2010 young plants that are 3 years old to learn fruitful. ' Mid-2011 people can harvest rubber from their own yards, ' says Hadison. A year earlier, in the village of Pulauaro, District Tabirulu, Merangin Regency, Jambi – separated by nearly 100 km – Usman Mansur planted 1,000 seeds that he gained from the people's tribal society. Again because of the variety of seed quality, only 500 managed to grow in 4 hectares of land behind the house.

Jernang Fruit

However, in the 2009 the farmer moved to clean the land by burning the bushes. The fire spread to the land of Usman and spit almost 400 of 3 meters tall. When Trubus went there on October 2010, about 100 plants left in between rubber trees and aloes began to bear fruit. Usman cultivates the Jernang Daemonorops Draco. K Heyne in useful plants Indonesia mentions there are 30 members of the Daemonorops clan. However, only D. didymophyllus and D. Draco are worthy of cultivation because these two species are high-level and highly-produced. Jernang is worth because of the gum that coats the skin of fruit half old. ' In Java there is no Jernang: Daemonorops draco or D. Didymophilla, which there D. rubra which is not very efficacious drug, ' said Drs. In addition to species, prospective planters must also ensure that the grown Jernang is a female plant. Like other monocoethyl plants, the Jernang of married plant 2. This means that the male and female flowers are separate in different plants and come from different seeds. Only the female plants are fruitful. Hence, the woe of thirteen for the planters who planted dozens of seeds, but after growing, turned out to be all male trees. That's the experience of the Sepintun villagers who planted and cared for 25 Germanic groves, which turned out to be entirely male.

Ripe seeds

According to Usman, distinguishing males and females is relatively easy if the fruit is still on the bunch. The top and bottom dompolan are certainly males, other females. However, it is almost impossible to distinguish the sex of the fruit if you acquire the fruit from the forest that condition mixed in the sack. In fact, the planters still need a male plant for pollination. Without males, the female plant will not be fruitful. Therefore, Usman suggests a comparison of males and females 1:6, at most 1:10. The planters can plant a male tree on the edges of the beginning and end of the line to be able to pollinate all the female trees evenly. Planters in Jambi utilize rubber, aloes, or other hard crops as an enforcement. Thereby reduce the cost of procurement of turus or propagating poles. Hence the spacing of planting distances follows the distance of its main crops. The distance between the Jernang and an enforcement tree of 1 – 1.5 m. ' Jernang starts to lean after as high as 2 m more, ' said Usman.

Fruit Production

In order to increase the graduation, the seeds of the fruit is perfectly ripe-11 months since the flower. Immerse the seeds in the seedbed of coarse sand media, cover the litter, and then store in the shade. To quickly sprout, do not immerse the seeds too deep, just flatten the sand on the surface of the seed. During the drought, Usman advocated the watering of seeds in the nursery every day. Two to four weeks later emerged a similar bud of chicken spurs. It's the right time to move seedlings into polibag. Hose 5 – 8 months when the seedlings are 30 – 50 cm, the planters move the plant family of Arecaceae to land. Avoid planting too deep so that the swift quickly fruition. ' The base of the rod must be on the ground, ' said Usman. Immerse the handful (10 – 15 g) of Urea fertilizer when planting. Next add 1 Sack (10 – 15 kg) of organic fertilizer each year. In the 3rd year, the plant studied fruitful and full production the following year. Pekebun Harvest 4 – 6 bunchfruit per plant aged 3 years. Production will continue to increase as the plant ages. At 6 years of age, for example, production reached 8 – 12 bunch of fruit and increased to 16 – 20 Bundan at the age of 10 years.

Crop production stable at age

10 – 15 years. Jernang is able to survive until the age of 30 – 50 years, depending on treatment. Planters gained 2 – 2.4 g of rubber from every kg of fruit jernang rambai D. Draco. That way, the links no longer need to go into the forest and leave the family. The most expensive rubber producing plant grows well in the natural habitat of Sumatra and Kalimantan forests. According to Yana, the planting of Jernang in Java Island does not match. For, ' rainfall above 2,000 mm per year inhibits flowering, ' Ciamis ' birth 62 years ago. Rattan relatives can still grow in Java, but it is difficult to flowering and fruitful. The Jernang plant only requires rainfall 1,000 – 1,500 mm per year. (Argohartono Arie Raharjo)

Mitra Usaha Tani .

Budidaya Tani